Everything about The Antarctic Circumpolar Wave totally explained
The
Antarctic Circumpolar Wave is a coupled
ocean/
atmosphere wave that circles the
Southern Ocean in approximately eight years. Since it's a wave-2 phenomenon (there are two
peaks and two
troughs in a
latitude circle) at each fixed point in space a signal with a
period of four years is seen. The wave moves eastward with the
prevailing currents.
Note that although the "wave" is seen in
temperature,
atmospheric pressure,
sea ice and ocean height, the variations are hard to see in the raw data and need to be filtered to become apparent. Because the reliable record for the Southern Ocean is short (since the early
1980s) and
signal processing is needed to reveal its existence, some
climatologists doubt the existence of the wave. Others admit its existence but say that it varies in strength over decades.
The wave was discovered simultaneously by
Warren White and R G Peterson; and Jacobs and Mitchell; in 1996. Since then, ideas about the wave structure and maintenance mechanisms have changed and grown: by some accounts it's now to be considered as part of a global
ENSO wave.
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